Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Dimethyl fumarate alleviates allergic asthma by strengthening the Nrf2 signaling pathway in regulatory T cells

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1375340

Figure Lengend Snippet: DMF reduces the inflammatory markers in the lungs of the allergic asthma model. (A–C) RT-qPCR was performed to analyze the mRNA expression of Th2 inflammatory cytokines IL4 (A) and IL13 (B) and Th17 cytokine IL17 (C) in the lungs of OVA-induced mice with or without DMF treatment. (D–F) ELISA was performed to evaluate the protein expression of Th2 inflammatory cytokines IL4 (D) and IL13 (E) and Th17 cytokine IL17 (F) in the lungs of OVA-induced mice with or without DMF treatment. (G) RT-qPCR was performed to determine the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 in the lungs of OVA-induced mice with or without DMF treatment. (H) ELISA was performed to determine the protein expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 in the lungs of OVA-induced mice with or without DMF treatment. (I) RT-qPCR was performed to determine the mRNA expression of Foxp3 in the lungs of OVA-induced mice with or without DMF treatment. All other data are shown as the mean ± SEM (n = 6 per group). #P < 0.05 versus the control group. ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05 vs OVA group. OVA, Ovalbumin. DMF, dimethyl fumarate.

Article Snippet: Cytokine ELISA kits were used, including IL4, IL13, IL10 and IL17 (elabscience).

Techniques: Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Dimethyl fumarate alleviates allergic asthma by strengthening the Nrf2 signaling pathway in regulatory T cells

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1375340

Figure Lengend Snippet: Oral administration of DMF alleviates the inflammatory response in the lungs of asthmatic mice. (A) The allergic symptoms, such as rubbing, sneezing, and abdominal respiration, were monitored for their first appearance in OVA-induced WT or Nrf2 fl/fl CD4 cre mice after p.o. administration of DMF. (B–E) Histological analysis was performed on the lung tissue collected from the OVA-induced WT or Nrf2 fl/fl CD4 cre mice after p.o. DMF treatment using H&E and PAS staining. Inflammation score, bronchial thickness, and PAS staining score were calculated. (F, G) After DMF treatment, the total number of immune cells and eosinophils was calculated through the microscopic examination of BALF collected from the OVA-induced WT or Nrf2 fl/fl CD4 cre mice. (H, I) RT-qPCR was performed to examine the expression of Th2 cytokines IL4 (H) , IL13 (I) , and Th17 cytokine IL17 (J) in the lung of OVA-induced WT or Nrf2 fl/fl CD4 cre mice in the presence or absence of DMF. (K) RT-qPCR was utilized to study the Treg transcription factor Foxp3 (K) level in the lung of OVA-induced WT or Nrf2 fl/fl CD4 cre mice in the presence or absence of DMF. (L–N) ELISA was conducted to inspect the level of circulatory Th2 cytokines IL4 (L) , IL13 (M) , and Th17 cytokine IL17 (N) in the lungs of OVA-induced WT or Nrf2 fl/fl CD4 cre mice in the presence or absence of DMF. Time in (A) is shown as average ± SD (min). All other data are shown as the mean ± SEM (n = 6 per group). #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 versus the WT group. ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05 vs OVA group or OVA+DMF group. P a < 0.05, P b < 0.01 and P c < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Cytokine ELISA kits were used, including IL4, IL13, IL10 and IL17 (elabscience).

Techniques: Staining, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Dimethyl fumarate alleviates allergic asthma by strengthening the Nrf2 signaling pathway in regulatory T cells

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1375340

Figure Lengend Snippet: List of primers used in this study.

Article Snippet: Cytokine ELISA kits were used, including IL4, IL13, IL10 and IL17 (elabscience).

Techniques: